{"id":27457,"date":"2021-07-24T15:09:14","date_gmt":"2021-07-24T08:09:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ben.com.vn\/tin-tuc\/?p=27457"},"modified":"2021-09-25T13:37:35","modified_gmt":"2021-09-25T06:37:35","slug":"ip-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ben.com.vn\/tin-tuc\/ip-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"IP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch tra c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP Nhanh v\u00e0 \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef IP khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u00e1y Client \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Server \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang. V\u1eady IP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ra sao? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Ben Computer tham kh\u1ea3o ngay nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

IP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/strong><\/h2>\n

IP<\/strong> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Internet Protocol, l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua m\u1ea1ng Internet ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP l\u00e0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh cho ph\u00e9p g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/strong> l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i s\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng 4 nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m, cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 192.158.1.38. M\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 trong nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 255. V\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 0.0.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 255.255.255.255.<\/p>\n

\"IP<\/p>\n

Ip l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua m\u1ea1ng Internet\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u IP l\u00e0 g\u00ec r\u1ed3i v\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay.<\/p>\n

IP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00ecm, g\u1eedi v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Internet b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Internet v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp Internet.<\/li>\n
  2. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP) s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n
  3. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP) gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng Internet v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"\u0110\u1ecba<\/p>\n

    IP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin<\/em><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    – TCP \/ IP: <\/strong><\/p>\n

    TCP \/ IP l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Transmission Control Protocol \/ Internet Protocol, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Internet.<\/p>\n

    TCP \/ IP\u00a0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng Internet nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n, g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

    – \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng: <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng Internet t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hay nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP). Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 router (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi router \u0111\u1ec1u giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a router.<\/p>\n

    – \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean Internet v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

    \"c\u00e1c<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 Ip \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 TCP \/ IP, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang<\/em><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch tra c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP tr\u00ean Windows, Mac, Android v\u00e0 iOS kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

    – T\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP tr\u00ean Mac:<\/strong> Truy c\u1eadp menu Apple<\/strong> => System Preferences<\/strong> => Network.<\/strong> Ti\u1ebfp theo ch\u1ecdn Wifi<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c Ethernet<\/strong>, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

    – Tr\u00ean Windows 10:<\/strong> Tr\u00ean thanh Taskbar, t\u00ecm v\u00e0 click ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Wifi ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2y Ethernet, ti\u1ebfp theo t\u00ecm v\u00e0 k\u00edch chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecdn Properties.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u1eb1m k\u1ebf b\u00ean m\u1ee5c IPv4 address <\/strong>tr\u00ean c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    – Tr\u00ean Android:<\/strong> Truy c\u1eadp Settings <\/strong>(c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t) => Wireless & Networks<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c Network & Internet<\/strong>, t\u00f9y thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ea1ng Wifi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    – Tr\u00ean iPhone, iPad<\/strong>: Truy c\u1eadp Settings <\/strong>(c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t) => Wifi <\/strong>v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u1eb1m k\u1ebf b\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ee5c IP address.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"Tra<\/p>\n

    Tra c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nhanh ch\u00f3ng<\/em><\/p>\n

    M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Port trong b\u1ed9 giao th\u1ee9c TCP\/IP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Port l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c bit 16 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i t\u1eadp tin trong giao th\u1ee9c TCP, UDP hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Port \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bit v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Port c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n